How to test your oven temperature without thermometer

To check that your oven is cooling.

Preheat the oven to 375° (186°C).

Place a small amount of granulated sugar in a baking dish or on a baking sheet lined with aluminum foil.

Bake for 15 minutes.

If the oven is set properly, the sugar will melt.

If your oven is cold, the sugar will not dissolve.

Here's how to check if your oven is heating up.

Preheat the oven to 350° (177°C).

Follow the same steps as above.

If your oven is set properly, the sugar will not dissolve (although it may brown slightly).

If your oven is too hot, the sugar will dissolve.

Note: Ovens do not have a constant temperature, but rise and fall in a cycle. Therefore, if your oven is calibrated correctly but has an extreme cycle (15°F, 8°C), it is possible that the sugar will dissolve at 350°.

You set the oven to 375°F, as your grandmother's recipe says, to get the perfect cookies. And 12 minutes later, they taste completely different from yours.

Don't blame yourself right away. Your oven may not be heated to the right temperature.

Before you spend money on replacement parts or an oven-hanging thermometer, try this simple experiment from the American Chemical Society's Reactions page on YouTube to see if that's really the problem.

All you need is aluminum foil and household sugar.

Cooking experiment in a can

Reaction/YouTube

Steps.

Preheat the oven to 350 degrees Fahrenheit and wait for the oven to heat up.

Line small molds with aluminum foil, about the size of your fist.

Pour 1 tablespoon of household sugar into each mold.

Bake the first jar for 15 minutes and then remove.

Increase the oven temperature to 375 degrees F and wait for the oven to heat up.

Bake the second jar for 15 minutes and remove.

If your oven is at the proper temperature, the first sugar sample should still be white and the second should be golden brown and melted.

This is because the caramelization process begins above 356 degrees Celsius and the sugar begins to melt at 367 degrees Celsius.

So when they are both white, your oven cools down: it heats to a lower temperature than you have set.

And when the two are caramelized, it heats up to a higher temperature than the one you set on the knob.

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